TMM Volume 26 | 2024

Instance-level human parsing is aimed at separately partitioning the human body into different semantic parts for each individual, which remains a challenging task due to human appearance/pose variation, occlusion and complex backgrounds. Most state-of-the-art methods follow the “parsing-by-detection” paradigm, which relies on a trained detector to localize persons and then sequentially performs single-person parsing for each person. However, this paradigm is closely related to the detector, and the runtime is proportional to the number of persons in an image.

Pedestrian attribute recognition (PAR) aims to generate a structured description of pedestrians and plays an important role in surveillance. Current work focusing on 2D images can achieve decent performance when there is no variation in the captured pedestrian orientation. However, the performance of these works cannot be maintained in scenarios when the orientation of pedestrians is ignored. 

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) has received extensive attention recently especially in areas of fine-grained object recognition, retrieval, and image captioning. Due to the complete lack of training samples and high requirement of defense transferability, the ZSL model learned is particularly vulnerable against adversarial attacks. Recent work also showed adversarially robust generalization requires more data.

Domain generalization aims to reduce the vulnerability of deep neural networks in the out-of-domain distribution scenario. With the recent and increasing data privacy concerns, federated domain generalization, where multiple domains are distributed on different local clients, has become an important research problem and brings new challenges for learning domain-invariant information from separated domains.